NFS-Utils-2.5.4
Kernel
Configuration
Enable the following options in the kernel configuration (choose
client and/or server support as appropriate) and recompile the
kernel if necessary:
File systems --->
[*] Network File Systems ---> [CONFIG_NETWORK_FILESYSTEMS]
<*/M> NFS client support [CONFIG_NFS_FS]
<*/M> NFS server support [CONFIG_NFSD]
Select the appropriate sub-options that appear when the above
options are selected.
![[Note]](../images/note.png)
Note
In BLFS we assume that nfs v3 will be used. If the server offers nfs v4 (for linux,
CONFIG_NFSD_V4) then auto-negotiation for v3 will fail and you
will need to add nfsver=3 to the
mount options. This also applies if that option is enabled in the
client's kernel, for
example in a distro trying to mount from a BLFS v3 server.
Even if neither end of the connection supports nfs v4, adding
nfsver=3 is still beneficial because
it prevents an error message "NFS: bad mount option value
specified: minorversion=1" being logged on every mount.
Installation
of NFS Utilities
Before you compile the program, ensure that the nobody user and nogroup group have been created as done in the
current LFS book. You can add them by running the following
commands as the root user:
groupadd -g 99 nogroup &&
useradd -c "Unprivileged Nobody" -d /dev/null -g nogroup \
-s /bin/false -u 99 nobody
Note
The classic uid and gid values are 65534 which is also -2 when
interpreted as a signed 16-bit number. These values impact other
files on some filesystems that do not have support for sparse
files. The nobody and
nogroup values are relatively
arbitrary. The impact on a server is nil if the exports file is configured correctly. If it is
misconfigured, an ls
-l or ps listing will show a uid or
gid number of 65534 instead of a name. The client uses
nobody only as the user running
rpc.statd.
Install NFS Utilities by running
the following commands:
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--sysconfdir=/etc \
--sbindir=/usr/sbin \
--disable-nfsv4 \
--disable-gss &&
make
This package does not come with a working test suite.
Now, as the root user:
make install &&
chmod u+w,go+r /usr/sbin/mount.nfs &&
chown nobody.nogroup /var/lib/nfs
Command Explanations
--disable-gss: Disables
support for RPCSEC GSS (RPC Security).
chown nobody.nogroup
/var/lib/nfs: The rpc.statd program uses the
ownership of this directory to set it's UID and GID. This command
sets those to unprivileged entries.
Configuring NFS Utilities
Server Configuration
/etc/exports contains the exported
directories on NFS servers. Refer to the exports.5 manual page for the syntax of this
file. Also refer to the "NFS HowTo" available at http://nfs.sourceforge.net/nfs-howto/
for information on how to configure the servers and clients in a
secure manner. For example, for sharing the /home directory over the local network, the
following line may be added:
cat >> /etc/exports << EOF
/home 192.168.0.0/24(rw,subtree_check,anonuid=99,anongid=99)
EOF
Note
Be sure to replace the directory, network address. and prefix
above to match your network. The only space in the line above
should be between the directory and the network address.
Install the /etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-server init
script included in the blfs-bootscripts-20210826 package to
start the server at boot.
make install-nfs-server
Now create the /etc/sysconfig/nfs-server configuration file:
cat > /etc/sysconfig/nfs-server << "EOF"
PORT="2049"
PROCESSES="8"
KILLDELAY="10"
EOF
Note
The above parameters may be optionally placed in /etc/sysconfig/rc.site.
Client Configuration
/etc/fstab contains the directories
that are to be mounted on the client. Alternately the partitions
can be mounted by using the mount command with the proper
options. To mount the /home and
/usr partitions, add the following
to the /etc/fstab:
<server-name>:/home /home nfs rw,_netdev 0 0
<server-name>:/usr /usr nfs ro,_netdev 0 0
The options which can be used are specified in man 5 nfs . If both the client
and server are running recent versions of linux, most of the
options will be negotiated (but see the Note above on nfsver=3).
You can specify either rw or
ro, _netdev if the filesystem is to be automatically
mounted at boot, or noauto (and
perhaps user) for other filesystems.
If the fileserver is not running a recent version of linux, you
may need to specifiy other options.
Note
The following boot script is not
required if the nfs-server script
is installed.
Install the /etc/rc.d/init.d/nfs-client init
script included in the blfs-bootscripts-20210826 package to
start the client services at boot.
make install-nfs-client
To automatically mount nfs
filesystems, clients will also need to install the netfs bootscript as described in Configuring for Network
Filesystems.
Contents
Installed Programs:
exportfs, mountstats, mount.nfs,
mount.nfs4 (link to mount.nfs), nfsconf, nfsdclnts, nfsiostat,
nfsstat, rpc.mountd, rpc.nfsd, rpc.statd, rpcdebug, showmount,
sm-notify, start-statd, umount.nfs (link to mount.nfs), and
umount.nfs4 (link to mount.nfs)
Installed Libraries:
None
Installed Directories:
/var/lib/nfs
Short Descriptions
|
exportfs
|
maintains a list of NFS exported file systems
|
|
mountstats
|
displays NFS client per-mount statistics
|
|
mount.nfs
|
is used to mount a network share using NFS
|
|
mount.nfs4
|
is used to mount a network share using NFSv4
|
|
nfsconf
|
can be used to test for and retrieve configuration
settings from a range of nfs-utils configuration files
|
|
nfsdclnts
|
prints information about NFS clients
|
|
nfsiostat
|
reports input/output statistics for network filesystems
|
|
nfsstat
|
displays statistics kept about NFS client and server
activity
|
|
rpc.mountd
|
implements the NFS mount protocol on an NFS server
|
|
rpc.nfsd
|
implements the user level part of the NFS service on the
server
|
|
rpc.statd
|
is used by the NFS file locking service. Run on both
sides, client as well as server, when you want file
locking enabled
|
|
rpcdebug
|
sets or clears the kernel's NFS client and server debug
flags
|
|
showmount
|
displays mount information for an NFS server
|
|
sm-notify
|
is used to send Network Status Monitor reboot messages
|
|
start-statd
|
is a script called by nfsmount when mounting a filesystem
with locking enabled, if statd does not appear to be
running. It can be customised with whatever flags are
appropriate for the site
|
|
umount.nfs
|
is used to unmount a network share using NFS
|
|
umount.nfs4
|
is used to unmount a network share using NFSv4
|
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